Installing an air conditioner can be very simple or very difficult depending on the type and the location.
This is speaking to the window air conditioner units that are most popular these days. The other type of air conditioners are most likely not going to be installed by the person living in the home. Central air conditioning units are not meant to be installed by anyone other than that professionals who are trained in doing so as there could be a small amount of danger involved. The simple fact is that air conditioners that are installed that work from the power of the home in a direct sense need to be installed by a HVAC professional. There are certain laws and such that need to be followed so that the installation is safe and secure. Many of the procedures that are necessary are not taught outside of the many schools and apprenticeship programs for HVAC certification. Depending on where you live it may actually be illegal for you too attempt to install a central air conditioning unit without having the proper certification. Before doing so you should check with the county courthouse to ensure that you are staying within the law.
The installation will proceed along a set path. The first and most important thing that your tech will do is recapture all of the Freon from the existing unit. This is too stay within the law. The reason for this is that Freon and its many components are actually toxic to the ozone layer and cannot be released into the air. There is also the matter that they are poison based and will actually cause illness in the surrounding people. So they will remove the Freon through a pump system and store the substance for later use. They may even put it back into the new system should it come without a Freon charge which is highly rare but can happen. Then the tech will begin the removal. Normally they will start by disconnecting the power source which is important to prevent any kind of shock, then the rest of the connections, including the inlet to the air induction system will begin. After all of this is finished the old unit is removed and the new placed. Most often a central air conditioning unit will use the same blower motor and heat duct system as the furnace, so the main source of power is pushed through that system.